北京新航道學(xué)校 李傳偉

　　第十一天：大小寫作 得分多多---小作文格式

　　作文與閱讀一樣極為重要。在兩篇作文中，小作文，就是應(yīng)用文滿分為10分，得高分比大作文容易一些，因?yàn)樗犹茁坊�，�?duì)語言的要求也不如大作文那么高�？墒强忌膶�(shí)際得分卻不是很理想，2005年的平均分不到6分。出現(xiàn)這種問題的主要原因在于寫作的格式、語言和要點(diǎn)等方面注意不夠。我準(zhǔn)備用三天的文章來闡述這幾個(gè)問題。今天介紹的是小作文的格式問題。下面以2005年的小作文考題為例說明這一問題。

　　Directions:

　　Two months ago you got a job as an editor for the magazine Designs & Fashions. But now you find that the work is not what you expected. You decide to quit. Write a letter to your boss, Mr. Wang, telling him your decision, stating your reason(s), and making an apology.

　　Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)

　　范文(選自胡敏編著的《2007年考研英語高分作文》)：

　　Dear Mr. Wang,

　　I am writing to inform you about my decision to resign from my current position. There are a few factors involved that I find intolerable.

　　First of all, the salary has proven to be much lower than you originally promised, and I have a large family to support. In addition, the office is located in the downtown area, yet I live in the suburbs, so it is exhausting for me to spend over three hours commuting every day. Most importantly, I feel rather disappointed and left out on the job itself, as in the past two months I was never given any really important responsibility.

　　I sincerely hope that you approve of my resignation. I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.

　　Yours sincerely,

　　Li Ming

　　由上面2005年小作文考題以及范文可以了解小作文格式主要涉及稱呼、正文與落款。

　　一、稱呼

　　1.Dear Sir or Madam

　　這是對(duì)于不認(rèn)識(shí)的團(tuán)體或組織的負(fù)責(zé)人的稱呼。

　　2.Dear Mr. xx/Ms.xx

　　這是對(duì)于認(rèn)識(shí)但是關(guān)系很正式的團(tuán)體或組織的負(fù)責(zé)人的稱呼，也可用來稱呼認(rèn)識(shí)但是關(guān)系較正式的個(gè)人。上面的小作文中的稱呼就屬于這一情況。

　　3.Dear John/Mary(or any other name)

　　這是對(duì)關(guān)系較親密的人的稱呼：直呼其名。

　　二、正文

　　正文格式傳統(tǒng)上采用縮進(jìn)式，即每段開頭空四個(gè)字母，段落之間不空行�，F(xiàn)在流行的格式，尤其是打印文件的格式，一般采用齊頭式，即每段開頭不空格，但是各段之間空一行。上面的范文就屬于齊頭式�？荚嚂r(shí)可以根據(jù)自己的習(xí)慣選擇一種，但要給人留下格式清晰的印象，為自己爭(zhēng)取同情分。

　　三、落款

　　由于考試時(shí)不要求使用真實(shí)姓名，落款時(shí)可以使用下列萬能格式：

　　Yours sincerely,

　　Li Ming

　　上面的范文就使用了這一格式。

　　綜上所述，注意格式是小作文得高分的第一步。