Chief complain一般由癥狀和持續(xù)時(shí)間兩部分構(gòu)成,不出現(xiàn)人物稱謂和a,the等冠詞。 主要有以下幾種寫法 l.癥狀+for+時(shí)間 [Chest pain for 2 hours] 胸痛2小時(shí) 2.癥狀+of+時(shí)間如: [Nausea and vomiting of three days` duration] 惡心嘔吐3天 3.癥狀+時(shí)間+in duration如: [Headache 1 month in duration] 頭痛1月 4.時(shí)間+of+癥狀 如: [Two-day history of fever] 發(fā)熱2天 發(fā)覺(jué)幾份英文病歷范例都沒(méi)有我們的主訴里常常還要提到的癥狀性質(zhì)—— “陣發(fā)性”、“持續(xù)性”還是“反復(fù)”等等,是不是又一個(gè)英文和中文病歷的不同不得而知,我一般把“陣發(fā)性”譯作intermittent,“持續(xù)性”譯作persistent,而“反復(fù)發(fā)作的”就是recurrent,如果是“周期性的”則是periodic。
History of present illness可以說(shuō)是整個(gè)病歷中最難的部分,想一想也是,清晰有條理地用中文記錄好現(xiàn)病史都很不容易,何況要用英文準(zhǔn)確的描述出整個(gè)疾病的發(fā)生、發(fā)展過(guò)程。在下以為需要注意的事項(xiàng)如下: 1.時(shí)態(tài)的問(wèn)題,整個(gè)現(xiàn)病史的的應(yīng)主要為過(guò)去時(shí),以用于描述起病及就診等“時(shí)間點(diǎn)”上的動(dòng)作,例如The patient felt fatigue and nausea three days ago without any obvious inducing factors.及So the patient came to our hospital and was accepted as “chronic hepatitis B”。而現(xiàn)病史最后的“一般情況”部分則用現(xiàn)在時(shí)較佳,以為是“一直如此到現(xiàn)在”的情況,如Since onset, her appetite is not good, and both her spiritedness and physical energy are bad. Defecation and urination are normal。如果要突出“疾病一直持續(xù)至今”則用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),如“發(fā)現(xiàn)患糖尿病五年” 譯作He has suffered from DM for five years.較好,而譯作He suffered from DM for five years.則讓人有不知已愈未愈之感。而提到“以前有但是現(xiàn)在未再出現(xiàn)”的癥狀或疾病時(shí),應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)或加上說(shuō)明的過(guò)去時(shí),如He had suffered from abdominal pain for one week by March 8th. 及Two weeks prior to this admission, he had an episode of abdominal pain that lasted one week。醫(yī).學(xué).全.在線 m.payment-defi.com 2.要保持主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的一致,整個(gè)現(xiàn)病史的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是the patient,不應(yīng)有He found lung cancer 1 year ago之類的句子出現(xiàn)。被動(dòng)式也少用為妙,“接受檢查,治療”可以用receive,accept等詞匯(receive又較accept),太多的被動(dòng)式會(huì)把自己繞暈的。 3.口語(yǔ)和醫(yī)學(xué)術(shù)語(yǔ)的區(qū)分。不要用口語(yǔ)化的描述代替專業(yè)詞匯,He got heart attack twice in the past. 就不如He experienced acute MI twice in the past正式,另一種相對(duì)的錯(cuò)誤是是該使用口語(yǔ)化的詞匯時(shí)(描述癥狀)用了專業(yè)詞匯(體征),如將“病人出現(xiàn)皮膚鞏膜黃染”中的“黃染”誤用了“黃疸”jaundice,正確的用法應(yīng)該是he got stained yellow on skin and sclera.以及不要在病歷中使用一些情緒化的副詞如Unfortunately, Surprisingly, To our surprise, Unexpectedly等等。 此外還有一些注意事項(xiàng),但是非英文病歷寫作獨(dú)有,如何時(shí)用a何時(shí)用the,and, so及but等介詞的用法等等,在此不再贅述。
History of past illness,至Impression部分的寫法比較固定,相對(duì)較簡(jiǎn)單,主要是解決詞匯問(wèn)題。 上一頁(yè) [1] [2]
... |